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Association between Habitual Diet and the Postprandial Glucose Response—An Enable Study
Author(s) -
Reik Anna,
Brandl Beate,
Schauberger Gunther,
Wawro Nina,
Linseisen Jakob,
Skurk Thomas,
Volkert Dorothee,
Hauner Hans,
Holzapfel Christina
Publication year - 2022
Publication title -
molecular nutrition and food research
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 1.495
H-Index - 131
eISSN - 1613-4133
pISSN - 1613-4125
DOI - 10.1002/mnfr.202200110
Subject(s) - postprandial , glycemic load , medicine , glycemic , glycemic index , young adult , cohort , analysis of variance , area under the curve , demography , food group , diabetes mellitus , physiology , gerontology , environmental health , endocrinology , sociology
Scope It is inconclusive which factors influence inter‐individual variations of postprandial glucose response (PPGR). This study investigates whether the habitual diet is associated with PPGR. Methods and results Data from healthy adults (young adults with 18–25 years, middle‐aged adults with 40–65 years, and older adults with 75–85 years) is collected at baseline and during an oral glucose tolerance test (OGTT) collected. Habitual diet is assessed by a food frequency questionnaire and two 24‐h food lists. Associations between habitual diet and glucose incremental area under the curve (iAUC min ) are examined by regression models. The intake of cereals and cereal products is negatively associated with glucose iAUC min ( p = 0.002) in the total cohort ( N = 459, 50% women, 55 ± 21 years, BMI 26 ± 5 kg m − 2 ). Up to 9% of the variance in the glycemic response is explained by the respective dietary parameters identified in the models of the specific age groups. Conclusion There are age‐specific diet‐related effects on PPGR. The usual intake of cereals and cereal products seems to play a greater role in PPGR in more than one age group. Further research is needed, to establish how diet can be optimized based on age and PPGR.