Posture and mechanics of the forelimbs of Brachiosaurus brancai (Dinosauria: Sauropoda)

The posture and mechanics of the forelimbs of Brachiosaurus brancai were analysed with the help of biomechanical models. Peak forces in the joints due to acceleration of the fraction of body weight carried on the shoulder joints are critical in models with completely straight, column‐like limbs and a rigid shoulder girdle. During fast walking, either the forelimbs were flexed at the elbows during the middle of the support phase or the apparently rigid shoulder girdle allowed movements of the shoulder joints relative to the trunk. The overall construction of Brachiosaurus was related to an extreme task, browsing high above the ground. Consequently, versatility was very restricted.