Open AccessNonequilibrium Bose systems and nonground‐state Bose‐Einstein condensates
Author(s) -
Yukalov V. I.
Publication year - 2006
Publication title -
laser physics letters
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 0.59
H-Index - 72
eISSN - 1612-202X
pISSN - 1612-2011
DOI - 10.1002/lapl.200610023
Subject(s) - bose–einstein condensate , physics , non equilibrium thermodynamics , bose gas , generalization , symmetry (geometry) , bose–einstein statistics , state (computer science) , quantum mechanics , gauge (firearms) , gauge theory , materials science , mathematics , mathematical analysis , geometry , algorithm , metallurgy
The theory of resonant generation of nonground‐state Bose‐Einstein condensates is extended to Bose‐condensed systems at finite temperature. The generalization is based on the notion of representative statistical ensembles for Bose systems with broken global gauge symmetry. Self‐consistent equations are derived describing an arbitrary nonequilibrium nonuniform Bose system. The notion of finite‐temperature topological coherent modes, coexisting with a cloud of noncondensed atoms, is introduced. It is shown that resonant generation of these modes is feasible for a gas of trapped Bose atoms at finite temperature. (© 2006 by Astro, Ltd. Published exclusively by WILEY‐VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA)