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Ti‐Based Reference Electrodes for Inline Implementation into Lithium‐Ion Pouch Cells
Author(s) -
Ahmed Zahoor,
Roberts Alexander J.,
Amietszajew Tazdin
Publication year - 2021
Publication title -
energy technology
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 0.91
H-Index - 44
eISSN - 2194-4296
pISSN - 2194-4288
DOI - 10.1002/ente.202100602
Subject(s) - reference electrode , electrode , lithium (medication) , electrochemistry , materials science , characterization (materials science) , usability , electrochemical cell , lagging , computer science , nanotechnology , chemistry , medicine , endocrinology , human–computer interaction , pathology
Despite growing demand for Li‐ion batteries in the portable, industrial, and electric vehicle markets, the performance and safety monitoring of these state‐of‐the‐art rechargeable cells is quite limited, relying on conventional full‐cell measurements with in situ reference electrode technologies lagging behind in application. Herein, for the first time a long‐term (>2000 h) stable Ti‐based reference electrode is reported, and a new design enabling impact‐free implementation into pouch. The methodology can also be used with other reference electrode materials. Various electrochemical characterization techniques are used to verify the usability and stability of the developed reference electrode, in turn enabling monitoring of individual electrode cycling performance and open circuit potential (OCP) via the galavanostatic intermittent titration technique (GITT) and differential capacity analysis. The ndings offer a potential way of incorporating stable in situ reference electrodes into current and future generations of lithium‐ion batteries.