Open AccessStructural and functional neuroimaging in Klinefelter (47,XXY) syndrome: A review of the literature and preliminary results from a functional magnetic resonance imaging study of language
Author(s) -
Steinman Kyle,
Ross Judith,
Lai Song,
Reiss Allan,
Hoeft Fumiko
Publication year - 2009
Publication title -
developmental disabilities research reviews
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
eISSN - 1940-5529
pISSN - 1940-5510
DOI - 10.1002/ddrr.84
Subject(s) - neuroimaging , functional magnetic resonance imaging , functional neuroimaging , psychology , functional imaging , magnetic resonance imaging , cognition , neuroscience , medicine , radiology
Klinefelter (47,XXY) syndrome (KS), the most common form of sex‐chromosomal aneuploidy, is characterized by physical, endocrinologic, and reproductive abnormalities. Individuals with KS also exhibit a cognitive/behavioral phenotype characterized by language and language‐based learning disabilities and executive and attentional dysfunction in the setting of normal general intelligence. The underlying neurobiologic mechanisms are just now beginning to be elucidated through structural and functional neuroimaging. Here, we review the literature of structural and functional neural findings in KS identified by neuroimaging and present preliminary results from a functional magnetic resonance imaging study examining brain activity during a verb generation task in KS. © 2009 Wiley‐Liss, Inc. Dev Disabil Res Rev 2009;15:295–308.