Open AccessDerivation of Telencephalic Oligodendrocyte Progenitors from Human Pluripotent Stem Cells
Author(s) -
Major Tamara,
Powers Ann,
Tabar Viviane
Publication year - 2016
Publication title -
current protocols in stem cell biology
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 0.658
H-Index - 28
eISSN - 1938-8969
pISSN - 1941-7322
DOI - 10.1002/cpsc.17
Subject(s) - biology , oligodendrocyte , olig2 , induced pluripotent stem cell , progenitor cell , microbiology and biotechnology , forebrain , stem cell , neural stem cell , transplantation , remyelination , myelin , cellular differentiation , neuroscience , embryonic stem cell , central nervous system , medicine , genetics , gene
Oligodendrocytes are the main myelinating cell of the adult CNS and are vulnerable to injury in diverse disorders, such as spinal cord injury, stroke, trauma, pharmacological and radiation toxicity, as well as neuroinflammation. Human pluripotent stem cells are attractive sources of oligodendrocyte lineage cells and provide a promising treatment strategy for exogenous myelin repair through transplantation. This unit describes a protocol for the step‐wise differentiation of forebrain late oligodendrocyte progenitor cells (OPCs) from human pluripotent stem cells in defined chemical in vitro culture conditions. It involves a stepwise progression of oligodendrocyte progenitors through their known developmental phases, starting with the expression of appropriate transcription factors (Olig2, Nkx2.2), the upregulation of PDGFRA, followed by the appearance of O4‐expressing cells, then O1 expression and finally mature myelin‐binding protein (MBP) expressing cells. Validation of cell fate is performed by extensive transcriptomal profiling, as well in vitro myelination essays with hESCs‐derived neuronal cells. Recapitulating forebrain oligodendrocyte development may generate cells more suitable for transplantation strategies for disorders primarily involving the telencephalon. © 2016 by John Wiley & Sons, Inc.