Open AccessEvaluation of Eu II ‐based positive contrast enhancement after intravenous, intraperitoneal, and subcutaneous injections
Author(s) -
Ekanger Levi A.,
Polin Lisa A.,
Shen Yimin,
Haacke E. Mark,
Allen Matthew J.
Publication year - 2016
Publication title -
contrast media & molecular imaging
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 0.714
H-Index - 50
eISSN - 1555-4317
pISSN - 1555-4309
DOI - 10.1002/cmmi.1692
Subject(s) - in vivo , contrast (vision) , europium , intraperitoneal injection , chemistry , biodistribution , subcutaneous injection , medicine , pharmacology , nuclear medicine , in vitro , biochemistry , biology , ion , microbiology and biotechnology , organic chemistry , artificial intelligence , computer science
Eu II ‐based contrast agents offer physiologically relevant, metal‐based redox sensing that is unachievable with Gd III ‐based contrast agents. To evaluate the in vivo contrast enhancement of Eu II as a function of injection type, we performed intravenous, intraperitoneal, and subcutaneous injections in mice. Our data reveal a correlation between reported oxygen content and expected rates of diffusion with the persistence of Eu II ‐based contrast enhancement. Biodistribution studies revealed europium clearance through the liver and kidneys for intravenous and intraperitoneal injections, but no contrast enhancement was observed in organs associated with clearance. These data represent a step toward understanding the behavior of Eu II ‐based complexes in vivo . Copyright © 2016 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.