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Air quality improvement and incident dementia: Effects of observed and hypothetical reductions in air pollutant using parametric g‐computation
Author(s) -
Letellier Noémie,
Gutierrez LaureAnne,
Duchesne Jeanne,
Chen Chen,
Ilango Sindana,
Helmer Catherine,
Berr Claudine,
Mortamais Marion,
Benmarhnia Tarik
Publication year - 2022
Publication title -
alzheimer's and dementia
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 6.713
H-Index - 118
eISSN - 1552-5279
pISSN - 1552-5260
DOI - 10.1002/alz.12606
Subject(s) - dementia , hazard ratio , confidence interval , rate ratio , cohort , incidence (geometry) , medicine , air pollution , cohort study , air quality index , environmental health , mathematics , geography , disease , meteorology , chemistry , geometry , organic chemistry
Abstract Introduction No evidence exists about the impact of air pollution reduction on incidence of dementia. The aim of this study was to quantify how air quality improvement leads to dementia‐incidence benefits. Methods In the French Three‐City cohort (12 years of follow‐up), we used parametric g‐computation to quantify the expected number of prevented dementia cases under different hypothetical interventions with particulate matter measuring <2.5 μm (PM 2.5 ) reductions. Results Among 7051 participants, 789 participants developed dementia. The median PM 2.5 reduction between 1990 and 2000 was 12.2 (μg/m 3 ). Such a reduction reduced the risk of all‐cause dementia (hazard ratio [HR], 0.85; 95% confidence interval [CI], 0.76 to 0.95). If all study participants were enjoying a hypothetical reduction of more than 13.10 μg/m 3 (median reduction observed in the city of Montpellier), the rate difference was −0.37 (95% CI, −0.57 to −0.17) and the rate ratio was 0.67 (95% CI, 0.50 to 0.84). Discussion These findings highlight the possible substantial benefits of reducing air pollution in the prevention of dementia.