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A Multifaceted Ferrocene Interlayer for Highly Stable and Efficient Lithium Doped Spiro‐OMeTAD‐based Perovskite Solar Cells
Author(s) -
Webb Thomas,
Liu Xueping,
Westbrook Robert J.E.,
Kern Stefanie,
Sajjad Muhammad T.,
Jenatsch Sandra,
Jayawardena K. D. G. Imalka,
Perera W. Hashini K.,
Marko Igor P.,
Sathasivam Sanjayan,
Li Bowei,
Yavari Mozhgan,
Scurr David J.,
Alexander Morgan R.,
Macdonald Thomas J.,
Haque Saif A.,
Sweeney Stephen J.,
Zhang Wei
Publication year - 2022
Publication title -
advanced energy materials
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 10.08
H-Index - 220
eISSN - 1614-6840
pISSN - 1614-6832
DOI - 10.1002/aenm.202200666
Subject(s) - dopant , materials science , energy conversion efficiency , doping , ferrocene , perovskite (structure) , chemical engineering , ion , degradation (telecommunications) , optoelectronics , lithium (medication) , nanotechnology , electrode , organic chemistry , chemistry , electronic engineering , electrochemistry , medicine , engineering , endocrinology
Over the last decade, 2,2″,7,7″‐Tetrakis[ N , N ‐di(4‐methoxyphenyl)amino]‐9,9′‐spirobifluorene (spiro‐OMeTAD) has remained the hole transporting layer (HTL) of choice for producing high efficiency perovskite solar cells (PSCs). However, PSCs incorporating spiro‐OMeTAD suffer significantly from dopant induced instability and non‐ideal band alignments. Herein, a new approach is presented for tackling these issues using the functionality of organometallocenes to bind to Li + dopant ions, rendering them immobile and reducing their impact on the degradation of PSCs. Consequently, significant improvements are observed in device stability under elevated temperature and humidity, conditions in which ion migration occurs most readily. Remarkably, PSCs prepared with ferrocene retain 70% of the initial power conversion efficiency (PCE) after a period of 1250 h as compared to only 8% in the control. Synergistically, it is also identified that ferrocene improves the hole extraction yield at the HTL interface and reduces interfacial recombination enabling PCEs to reach 23.45%. This work offers a pathway for producing highly efficient spiro‐OMeTAD devices with conventional dopants via addressing the key challenge of dopant induced instability in leading PSCs.