Open AccessHuman Norovirus Detection and Production, Quantification, and Storage of Virus‐Like Particles
Author(s) -
Debbink Kari,
Costantini Veronica,
Swanstrom Jesica,
Agnihothram Sudhakar,
Vinjé Jan,
Baric Ralph,
Lindesmith Lisa
Publication year - 2013
Publication title -
current protocols in microbiology
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 0.813
H-Index - 35
eISSN - 1934-8533
pISSN - 1934-8525
DOI - 10.1002/9780471729259.mc15k01s31
Subject(s) - norovirus , murine norovirus , biology , virology , virus , virus like particle , replicon , microbiology and biotechnology , genetics , genome , recombinant dna , gene
Human noroviruses constitute a significant worldwide disease burden. Each year, noroviruses cause over 267 million infections, deaths in over 200,000 children under the age of five, and over 50% of U.S. food‐borne illness. Due to the absence of a tissue culture model or small animal model to study human norovirus, virus‐like particles (VLPs) and ELISA‐based biological assays have been used to answer questions about norovirus evolution and immunity as well to provide a potential vaccine platform. This chapter outlines the protocols for norovirus detection in stool, as well as norovirus VLP design, production, purification, and storage using a Venezuelan equine encephalitis virus (VEE)–based virus replicon particle (VRP) expression system. Curr. Protoc. Microbiol . 31:15K.1.1‐15K.1.45. © 2013 by John Wiley & Sons, Inc.