Open AccessAzithromycin Treatment vs Placebo in Children With Respiratory Syncytial Virus–Induced Respiratory Failure
Author(s) -
Michele Kong,
Wei Wei Zhang,
Kate Sewell,
Gregory S. Gorman,
HuiChien Kuo,
Inmaculada Aban,
Namasivayam Ambalavanan,
Richard J. Whitley
Publication year - 2020
Publication title -
jama network open
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 3.278
H-Index - 39
ISSN - 2574-3805
DOI - 10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2020.3482
Subject(s) - medicine , placebo , placebo controlled study , azithromycin , randomized controlled trial , respiratory system , respiratory failure , pediatrics , fraction of inspired oxygen , mechanical ventilation , anesthesia , antibiotics , double blind , alternative medicine , pathology , microbiology and biotechnology , biology
Key Points Question Is azithromycin (AZM) safe, and does it reduce nasal and endotracheal matrix metalloproteinase 9 (MMP-9) levels in children with respiratory syncytial virus–induced respiratory failure? Findings In this randomized phase 2 clinical trial that included 48 children admitted to the pediatric intensive care unit with respiratory syncytial virus lung disease who required positive pressure ventilation, AZM was safe. No difference in nasal MMP-9 levels was observed between treatment group, but in those who required mechanical ventilation and received a high dose of AZM, endotracheal active and total MMP-9 levels were lower on day 3 of treatment. Meaning In this study, high doses of AZM were safe, reduced endotracheal MMP-9 levels in patients receiving mechanical ventilation, and potentially improved outcomes in critically ill children with respiratory syncytial virus infections.
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