Open AccessAssociation of Violence Against Female Sex Workers Who Use Drugs With Nonfatal Drug Overdose in Kazakhstan
Author(s) -
Nabila ElBassel,
Andrea Norcini Pala,
Trena I. Mukherjee,
Tara McCrimmon,
Gaukhar Mergenova,
Assel Terlikbayeva,
Sholpan Primbetova,
Susan S. Witte
Publication year - 2020
Publication title -
jama network open
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 3.278
H-Index - 39
ISSN - 2574-3805
DOI - 10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2020.20802
Subject(s) - medicine , sex work , domestic violence , incidence (geometry) , demography , poison control , injury prevention , odds ratio , suicide prevention , occupational safety and health , environmental health , psychiatry , human immunodeficiency virus (hiv) , family medicine , physics , pathology , sociology , optics
Key Points Question Is violence against female sex workers (FSWs) who use drugs associated with an increased risk of nonfatal overdose in Kazakhstan? Findings This cross-sectional study of 400 FSWs who use drugs found that intimate partner and nonpartner violence, especially severe physical violence, were significantly associated with experiencing nonfatal overdose. This study also found that a history of incarceration was associated with increased risk of overdose in this population. Meaning The findings of this study suggest that harm reduction programs must consider the unique needs of women, including services to address gender-based violence and the needs of women after incarceration, to more effectively engage women in overdose prevention efforts.
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