Comparison of Long-term Survival Benefits in Trials of Immune Checkpoint Inhibitor vs Non–Immune Checkpoint Inhibitor Anticancer Agents Using ASCO Value Framework and ESMO Magnitude of Clinical Benefit Scale

Key Points Question How frequently do immune checkpoint inhibitor (ICI) agents vs non-ICI agents qualify for American Society of Clinical Oncology Value Framework version 2 (ASCO-VF v2) tail-of-the-curve bonuses or European Society of Medical Oncology Magnitude of Clinical Benefit Scale version 1.1 (ESMO-MCBS v1.1) immunotherapy-triggered long-term plateau adjustments? Findings In this cohort study of 100 randomized clinical trials comparing ICI with non-ICI agents, ASCO-VF v2 tail-of-the-curve bonuses and ESMO-MCBS v1.1 immunotherapy-triggered long-term plateau adjustments were not awarded to ICI agents more often than non-ICI agents. Meaning The ASCO-VF v2 and ESMO-MCBS v1.1 may be flawed in accurately capturing long-term survival.