Association of Modifiable Risk Factors With Dental Caries Among Indigenous and Nonindigenous Children in Australia

Key Points Question Does the contribution of modifiable risk factors on area-based inequalities in untreated dental caries among Australian children differ by Indigenous status? Findings In this cross-sectional study of Australian children, the association of modifiable risk factors with area-based inequalities in untreated dental caries among Indigenous and non-Indigenous Australian children differed substantially. Consumption of sugar-sweetened beverages was associated with dental caries for both groups, and irregular tooth brushing was also significantly associated with dental caries for Indigenous children. Meaning Targets to reduce consumption of sugar-sweetened beverages may reduce oral health inequalities for both groups; however, Indigenous children require additional focus on oral hygiene.