Association of Baseline Prostate-Specific Antigen Level With Long-term Diagnosis of Clinically Significant Prostate Cancer Among Patients Aged 55 to 60 Years

Key Points Question Are baseline prostate-specific antigen levels in midlife associated with future prostate cancer and clinically significant prostate cancer diagnoses? Findings In this secondary analysis of a cohort of 10 968 men aged 55 to 60 years who were enrolled in the screening group of the Prostate, Lung, Colorectal, and Ovarian Cancer Screening Trial, baseline prostate-specific antigen levels were associated with any future prostate cancer and clinically significant prostate cancer diagnoses. The risk was significantly lower among men with a baseline prostate-specific antigen level of less than 2.00 ng/mL. Meaning Future prostate cancer screening among middle-aged men (ie, aged 55-60 years) should be individually tailored based on baseline PSA levels to reduce the risk of overdiagnosis and overtreatment of indolent cancers.