Single-Nucleotide Polymorphism–Based Genetic Risk Score and Patient Age at Prostate Cancer Diagnosis

Key Points Question Is family history sufficient to identify men at high risk of prostate cancer? Findings In a cohort study of 3225 men, family history alone identified 14% at high risk of prostate cancer and 86% at low or average risk; men with a positive family history of prostate cancer had a median diagnosis-free survival of 73 years, while men with a negative family history had a median diagnosis-free survival of 77 years. A combination of family history and single-nucleotide polymorphism–based genetic risk score, however, identified 30% of men at high genetic risk of prostate cancer, 52% of men at average genetic risk, and 19% of men at low genetic risk; the median diagnosis-free survival was 74 years for men at high genetic risk, 77 years for men at average genetic risk, and more than 80 years for men at low genetic risk. Meaning Combining family history and genetic risk score can better stratify inherited risk to develop personalized prostate cancer screening strategies.