Intralesional Immunotherapy With Mycobacteriumw Vaccine in Patients With Multiple Cutaneous Warts: Uncontrolled Open Study

foundly compromising the cytotoxic response of the adaptive immune system, as in organ transplant recipient (OTR) rejection—apparently impairs the inflammatory environment of SCC to a lesser degree. While tumor defense such as a cytotoxic response of the adaptive immune system seems impaired in SCC in OTRs, a persistent inflammatory feed-forward loop via RAGE may contribute to uncontrolled SCC formation in OTRs. Our results demonstrate that the immunosuppressive agents MP and, to a lesser degree, CsA are able to induce the expression of S100A8/A9 in keratinocytes. Promotion of SCC formation through the inflammatory mediators S100A8/A9 and RAGE may thus not be dependent on the immune system (inflammatory infiltrate) alone, but keratinocytes in their own right may contribute to the process by the S100A8/A9-RAGE feedforward cycle. The influence of immunosuppressive drugs on S100A8/A9-RAGE mRNA expression may also suggest a role of these proteins in early-stage SCC development in immunosuppressed patients, facilitating the clinically observed increase of SCCs in these patients.