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Meiosis is conserved across eukaryotes yet varies in the details of its execution. Here we describe a new comparative model system for molecular analysis of meiosis, the nematode  Pristionchus pacificus , a distant relative of the widely studied model organism  Caenorhabditis elegans. P. pacificus  shares many anatomical and other features that facilitate analysis of meiosis in  C. elegans . However, while  C. elegans  has lost the meiosis-specific recombinase Dmc1 and evolved a recombination-independent mechanism to synapse its chromosomes,  P. pacificus  expresses both DMC-1 and RAD-51. We find that SPO-11 and DMC-1 are required for stable homolog pairing, synapsis, and crossover formation, while RAD-51 is dispensable for these key meiotic processes. RAD-51 and DMC-1 localize sequentially to chromosomes during meiotic prophase and show nonoverlapping functions. We also present a new genetic map for  P. pacificus  that reveals a crossover landscape very similar to that of  C. elegans , despite marked divergence in the regulation of synapsis and crossing-over between these lineages.

Analysis of meiosis in Pristionchus pacificus reveals plasticity in homolog pairing and synapsis in the nematode lineage