An Overview of the Traditional Uses, Phytochemicals, and Pharmacological Activities of Tempuyung (Sonchus arvensis L.)

Tempuyung (Sonchus arvensis L.) is one of the herbs that the community has widely known. This plant is easy to come by and has excellent benefits. Therefore, it is necessary to obtain information about phytochemicals and their pharmacological effects. Information search is done by literature studies in primary data or official book forms and international journals through trusted websites such as Mendeley, Scopus, ScienceDirect, NCBI, ResearchGate, Google Scholar, Pubmed. The results showed tempuyung has phytochemical compounds, especially flavonoids and derivatives such as kaempferol, rutin, and quercetin. This compound is isolated from the leaves of tempuyung by various extraction methods. Pharmacologically, this plant has been reported to have antibacterial and antiviral, diuretic, kidney stones, antihistamine, antihypertensive, and antihyperuricemia. Thus, tempuyung can be used as an ingredient for traditional medicine, and further research needs to be done to isolate medicinal compounds from tempuyung.