Open AccessProminence of urinary biomarkers for bladder cancer in the COVID-19 era: From the commercially available to new prospective candidates
Author(s) -
XuanMei Piao,
Hongyan Kang,
Wun-Jae Kim,
Seok Joong Yun
Publication year - 2021
Publication title -
investigative and clinical urology
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 0.653
H-Index - 14
eISSN - 2466-054X
pISSN - 2466-0493
DOI - 10.4111/icu.20210194
Subject(s) - medicine , bladder cancer , covid-19 , urinary system , risk stratification , urine , disease , intensive care medicine , oncology , cancer , pathology , infectious disease (medical specialty) , outbreak
Molecular markers detected in urine may improve our understanding of the evolution of bladder cancer (BCa) and its micro- and macroenvironment. Detection of such markers will identify disease earlier, allow stratification of patients according to risk, and improve prognostication and prediction of outcomes, thereby facilitating targeted therapy. However, current guidelines have yet to embrace such markers for routine management of BCa, and most research studies have focused on urine-based tumor markers. In this review, we summarize known urinary biomarkers for BCa and highlight newly identified molecules. We then discuss the challenges that must be overcome to incorporate these markers into clinical care.