Open AccessPenile ring entrapment – A true urologic emergency: Grading, approach, and management
Author(s) -
Omar Dawood,
Seena Tabibi,
Julia Fiuk,
Neil Patel,
Ahmed El-Zawahry
Publication year - 2020
Publication title -
urology annals
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 0.355
H-Index - 20
eISSN - 0974-7834
pISSN - 0974-7796
DOI - 10.4103/ua.ua_16_19
Subject(s) - medicine , penis , gangrene , grading (engineering) , bladder injury , surgery , entrapment , pleasure , general surgery , psychology , civil engineering , engineering , neuroscience
Penile rings are used to sustain erection in order to enhance sexual pleasure. They work by reducing the outflow of blood from the cavernosal tissue. However, if left for extended periods of time severe edema, urethral fistula, gangrene, and even complete loss of the distal penis can ensue, this is known as penile ring entrapment (PRE). Management poses particular challenges due to its rarity. Herein, we report our experience with three patients from our institution that presented with PRE and include a review of the approaches others have taken. We also propose a simpler and more effective grading scale to allow for easier communication between providers, as the current grading scales do not do so.