Open AccessProtein kinase signaling by Shiga Toxin subunits
Author(s) -
Mana Oloomi,
Neda Moazzezy,
Saeid Bouzari
Publication year - 2022
Publication title -
journal of medical signals and sensors
Language(s) - Uncategorized
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 0.337
H-Index - 21
ISSN - 2228-7477
DOI - 10.4103/jmss.jmss_79_20
Subject(s) - protein kinase a , biology , kinase , microbiology and biotechnology , signal transduction , cyclin dependent kinase 9 , protein kinase c , ask1 , cyclin dependent kinase 2 , protein subunit , cyclin dependent kinase 4 , protein kinase r , mitogen activated protein kinase kinase , hela , map2k7 , cgmp dependent protein kinase , cell , biochemistry , gene
Escherichia coli produces Shiga toxin (Stx), a pentamer composed of one A subunit and four B subunits. The B subunit of Stx (StxB) mediated the attachment of the holotoxin to the cell surface while the A subunit (StxA) has N-glycosidase activity, resulting in protein synthesis and cell death inhibition. Stx-induced cytotoxicity and apoptosis have been observed in various cell lines, although the signaling effectors are not precisely defined. Activated by protein kinases (PK), the signaling pathway in human tumors plays an oncogenic role. Tumor proliferation, survival, and metastasis are promoted by kinase receptors. In this regard, PK regulatory effects on the cellular constituents of the tumor microenvironment can affect immunosuppressive purposes.