Open AccessNeutrophil gelatinase-associated lipocalin: As a predictor of early diabetic nephropathy in Type 2 diabetes mellitus
Author(s) -
Anupama Kaul,
Manas Ranjan Behera,
P Mishra,
Dharmendra Bhaduaria,
Santosh Kumar Yadav,
Vikas Agarwal,
Ritu Karoli,
Narayan Prasad,
Amit Gupta,
Raj Kumar Sharma
Publication year - 2018
Publication title -
indian journal of nephrology/indian journal of nephrology
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 0.317
H-Index - 24
eISSN - 1998-3662
pISSN - 0971-4065
DOI - 10.4103/ijn.ijn_96_17
Subject(s) - medicine , albuminuria , diabetic nephropathy , creatinine , renal function , diabetes mellitus , lipocalin , urine , biomarker , urology , nephropathy , type 2 diabetes , urinary system , gastroenterology , type 2 diabetes mellitus , endocrinology , biochemistry , chemistry
This study was carried out to look for diagnostic and prognostic role of neutrophil gelatinase-associated lipocalin (NGAL) in early diabetic nephropathy (DN) in type 2 diabetes individuals. NGAL was measured in both urinary and serum sample of 144 type 2 diabetes individuals stratified into three categories based on urinary albumin-creatinine ratio and 54 control populations with estimated glomerular filtration rate >60 mL/min/1.73 m 2 and serum creatinine <1.2 mg/dl. The serum NGAL (sNGAL), urine NGAL (uNGAL), and uNGAL/urine creatinine were significantly higher in diabetic individuals than in the control populations with significant difference in between the groups ( P < 0.05). Difference of above values between control value and normoalbuminuria was also statistically significant ( P < 0.05). Again, sNGAL and uNGAL correlate positively with albuminuria ( P < 0.05). Tubular injury may precede glomerular injury in diabetic individuals, and NGAL can be used as a biomarker to diagnose DN even earlier to incipient nephropathy. Both sNGAL and uNGAL can predict albuminuria and be used as a noninvasive tool for diagnosis, staging, and progression of DN.