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Oral lichen planus (OLP) is a chronic disease of established immune-mediated pathogenesis. It most commonly, protractedly, and persistently involves the mucosa of the oral cavity. Antigen-specific and nonspecific mechanisms play a role in its pathogenesis, leading to T-cell accumulation in superficial lamina propria, intraepithelial T-cell migration, and keratinocyte apoptosis in OLP. Previous studies have indicated the possibility of serum lipid derangement in chronic inflammatory diseases such as systemic lupus erythematosus and psoriasis, which in turn results in elevated cardiovascular disease risk. Inflammation causes disturbances in lipid metabolism such as decrease in high-density lipoprotein-cholesterol (HDL-C) and increase in very low-density lipoprotein (VLDL)-cholesterol and hypertriglyceridemia due to direct effect on T-cell responses. Prolonged dyslipidemia, due to chronic inflammatory condition, enhances the formation of atherosclerotic plaques and thereby augments the risk of cardiovascular disease in such patients. With this background, a possible correlation between OLP and serum lipid level derangement can be anticipated. Hence, this study was taken up to probe into an association between the two.

Alterations of serum lipid profile patterns in oral lichen planus patients: A case–control study