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Titan's northern high latitudes host many large hydrocarbon lakes. Like waterlakes on Earth, Titan's lakes are constantly subject to evaporation. Thisprocess strongly affects the atmospheric methane abundance, the atmospherictemperature, the lake mixed layer temperature, and the local wind circulation.In this work we use a 2D atmospheric mesoscale model coupled to a slab lakemodel to investigate the effect of solar and infrared radiation on the exchangeof energy and methane between Titan's lakes and atmosphere. The magnitude ofsolar radiation reaching the surface of Titan through its thick atmosphere isonly a few W/m2. However, we find that this small energy input is important andis comparable in absolute magnitude to the latent and sensible heat fluxes, assuggested in the prior study by S. Rafkin and A. Soto (Icarus, 2020).  The implementation of a gray radiative scheme in the model confirms theimportance of radiation when studying lakes at the surface of Titan. Solar andinfrared radiation change the energy balance of the system leading to anenhancement of the methane evaporation rate, an increase of the equilibriumlake temperature almost completely determined by its environment (humidity,insolation, and background wind), and a strengthening of the local sea breeze,which undergoes diurnal variations. The sea breeze efficiently transportsmethane vapor horizontally, from the lake to the land, and vertically due torising motion along the sea breeze front and due to radiation-inducedturbulence over the land.

Air-sea interactions on Titan: effect of radiative transfer on the lake evaporation and atmospheric circulation