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We present a comparison between the average atomic gas mass, $\langleM_{Atom}\rangle$ (including HI and He), the average molecular gas mass,$\langle M_{Mol}\rangle$, and the average stellar mass, $\langle M_*\rangle$,of a sample of star-forming galaxies at $z\approx0.75-1.45$, to probe thebaryonic composition of galaxies in and during the epoch of peak star-formationactivity in the universe. The $\langle M_{Atom}\rangle$ values of star-forminggalaxies in two stellar-mass matched samples at $z=0.74-1.25$ and$z=1.25-1.45$, were derived by stacking their HI 21cm signals in theGMRT-CAT$z1$ survey. We find that the baryonic composition of star-forminggalaxies at $z\gtrsim 1$ is dramatically different from that at $z\approx0$.For star-forming galaxies with $\langle M_*\rangle\approx10^{10} M_\odot$, thecontribution of stars to the total baryonic mass, $M_{Baryon}$, is$\approx61\%$ at $z\approx0$, but only $\approx16\%$ at $z\approx1.3$, whilemolecular gas constitutes $\approx6\%$ of the baryonic mass at $z\approx0$, and$\approx14\%$ at $z\approx1.3$. Remarkably, we find that atomic gas makes up$\approx70\%$ of $M_{Baryon}$ in star-forming galaxies at $z\approx1.3$. Wefind that the ratio $\langle M_{Atom}\rangle/\langle M_*\rangle$ is higher bothat $z\approx1.0$ and at $z\approx1.3$ than in the local Universe, with $\langleM_{Atom}\rangle/\langle M_*\rangle\approx1.4$ at $z\approx1.0$, and$\approx4.4$ at $z\approx1.3$, compared to its value of $\approx0.5$ today.Further, we find that the ratio $\langle M_{Atom}\rangle/\langleM_{Mol}\rangle$ in star-forming galaxies with $\langle M_*\rangle\approx10^{10} M_\odot$ is $\approx2.3$ at $z\approx1.0$ and $\approx5.0$ at$z\approx1.3$. Overall, we find that atomic gas is the dominant component ofthe baryonic mass of star-forming galaxies at $z\approx1.3$, during the epochof peak star-formation activity in the universe.

Atomic Gas Dominates the Baryonic Mass of Star-forming Galaxies at $z \approx 1.3$