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We present measurements of broad emission lines and virial estimates ofsupermassive black hole masses ($M_{BH}$) for a large sample of ultra-hardX-ray selected active galactic nuclei (AGNs) as part of the second data releaseof the BAT AGN Spectroscopic Survey (BASS/DR2). Our catalog includes $M_{BH}$estimates for a total 689 AGNs, determined from the H$\alpha$, H$\beta$,$MgII\lambda2798$, and/or $CIV\lambda1549$ broad emission lines. The coresample includes a total of 512 AGNs drawn from the 70-month Swift/BAT all-skycatalog. We also provide measurements for 177 additional AGNs that are drawnfrom deeper Swift/BAT survey data. We study the links between $M_{BH}$estimates and line-of-sight obscuration measured from X-ray spectral analysis.We find that broad H$\alpha$ emission lines in obscured AGNs ($\log (N_{\rmH}/{\rm cm}^{-2})> 22.0$) are on average a factor of $8.0_{-2.4}^{+4.1}$weaker, relative to ultra-hard X-ray emission, and about $35_{-12}^{~+7}$\%narrower than in unobscured sources (i.e., $\log (N_{\rm H}/{\rm cm}^{-2}) <21.5$). This indicates that the innermost part of the broad-line region ispreferentially absorbed. Consequently, current single-epoch $M_{BH}$prescriptions result in severely underestimated ($>$1 dex) masses for Type 1.9sources (AGNs with broad H$\alpha$ but no broad H$\beta$) and/or sources with$\log (N_{\rm H}/{\rm cm}^{-2}) > 22.0$. We provide simple multiplicativecorrections for the observed luminosity and width of the broad H$\alpha$component ($L[{\rm b}{\rm H}\alpha]$ and FWHM[bH$\alpha$]) in such sources toaccount for this effect, and to (partially) remedy $M_{BH}$ estimates for Type1.9 objects. As key ingredient of BASS/DR2, our work provides the communitywith the data needed to further study powerful AGNs in the low-redshiftUniverse.

BASS XXV: DR2 Broad-line Based Black Hole Mass Estimates and Biases from Obscuration