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It is proposed that the rapid observed homogeneous nucleation of ice dust ina cold, weakly-ionized plasma depends on the formation of hydroxide (OH$^-$) byfast electrons impacting water molecules. These OH$^{-}$ ions attract neutralwater molecules because of the high dipole moment of the water molecules and sohydrates of the form (OH)$^{-}$(H$_{2}$O)$_{n}$ are formed. The hydratescontinuously grow in the cold environment to become macroscopic ice grains.These ice grains are negatively charged as a result of electron impact and socontinue to attract water molecules. Because hydroxide is a negative ion,unlike positive ions it does not suffer recombination loss from collision withplasma electrons. Recombination with positive ions is minimal because positiveions are few in number (weak ionization) and slow-moving as result of being inthermal equilibrium with the cold background gas.

Mechanism for the efficient homogeneous nucleation of ice in a weakly-ionized, ultra-cold plasma