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We present a detailed study of the partial rest-optical($\lambda_{\mathrm{obs}} \approx 3600-5600\,$\r{A}) spectra of $N = 328$star-forming galaxies at $0.6 < z < 1.0$ from the Large Early GalaxyAstrophysics Census (LEGA-C). We compare this sample with low-redshift ($z \sim0$) galaxies from the Sloan Digital Sky Survey (SDSS), intermediate-redshift($z \sim 1.6$) galaxies from the Fiber Multi-Object Spectrograph (FMOS)-COSMOSSurvey, and high-redshift ($z \sim 2$) galaxies from the Keck BaryonicStructure Survey (KBSS). At a lookback time of $6-8\ \mathrm{Gyr}$, galaxieswith stellar masses $\mathrm{log}(\mathrm{M_{\ast}/M_{\odot}}) > 10.25$ appearremarkably similar to $z \sim 0$ galaxies in terms of their nebular excitation,as measured using $\mathrm{[O\,III]}\lambda5008 / \mathrm{H}\beta$. There issome evidence that $0.6 < z < 1.0$ galaxies with lower $\mathrm{M_{\ast}}$ havehigher $\mathrm{[O\,III]}\lambda5008 / \mathrm{H}\beta$ than $z \sim 0$galaxies and are more similar to less evolved $z \sim 1.6$ and $z \sim 2$galaxies, which are offset from the $z \sim 0$ locus at all$\mathrm{M_{\ast}}$. We explore the impact selection effects, contributionsfrom active galactic nuclei, and variations in physical conditions (ionizationparameter and gas-phase oxygen abundance) have on the apparent distribution of$\mathrm{[O\,III]}\lambda5008 / \mathrm{H}\beta$ and find somewhat higherionization and lower enrichment in $0.6 < z < 1.0$ galaxies with lower$\mathrm{M_{\ast}}$ relative to $z \sim 0$ galaxies. We use new near-infraredspectroscopic observations of $N = 53$ LEGA-C galaxies to investigate otherprobes of enrichment and excitation. Our analysis demonstrates the importanceof obtaining complete rest-optical spectra of galaxies in order to disentanglethese effects.

The nebular properties of star-forming galaxies at intermediate redshift from the Large Early Galaxy Astrophysics Census