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The fact that the spatial velocity of pulsars is generally higher than thatof their progenitor stars has bothered astronomers for nearly 50 years. It hasbeen extensively argued that the high pulsar velocity should be acquired duringa natal kick process on a timescale of 100ms - 10s in the supernova explosion,in which some asymmetrical dynamical mechanism plays a key role. However, asatisfactory picture generally is still lacking. In this study, it is arguedthat the neutrino rocket model can well account for the high speed as well asthe long-term evolution behaviors of pulsars. The neutrinos are emitted fromsuperfluid vortex neutrons through the neutrino cyclotron radiation mechanism.The unique characters of left-handed neutrinos and right-handed antineutrinosresulting from the nonconservation of parity in weak interactions play a majorrole in the spatial asymmetry. The continuous acceleration of pulsars can benaturally explained by this model, which yields a maximum velocity surpassing1000 km s$^{-1}$. The alignment between the spinning axis and the direction ofmotion observed for the Crab pulsar (PSR 0531) and the Vela pulsar (PSR 0833)can be well accounted for. The observed correlation between the spin-down rateand the period of long-period pulsars with $P \gtrsim 0.5$s can also besatisfactorily explained.

Neutrino Rocket Jet Model: An Explanation of High-velocity Pulsars and their Spin-down Evolution