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Azimuthally asymmetric structures have been discovered in millimetercontinuum emission from many protoplanetary disks. One hypothesis is that theyare vortices produced by the Rossby wave instability, for example at edges ofplanet-opened gaps or deadzones. Confirming the vortex nature of thesestructures will have profound implications to planet formation. One way to testthe hypothesis is to compare the observed morphology of vortex candidates innear-infrared scattered light with theoretical expectations. To this end, wesynthesize the appearance of vortices in H-band polarized light by combininghydrodynamic and radiative transfer simulations of the Rossby wave instabilityat a deadzone edge. In a disk at 140 pc, at the peak in its evolution a vortexat 65 au may appear as a radially narrow arc 50% - 70% brighter compared withan axisymmetric disk model. The contrast depends on the inclination of the diskand the position angle of the vortex only weakly. Such contrast levels are welldetectable in imaging observations of bright disks using instruments such asVLT/SPHERE, Subaru/SCExAO, and Gemini/GPI. A vortex also casts a shadow in theouter disk, which may aid its identification. Finally, at modest to highinclinations (e.g., 60 degrees) a vortex may mimic a one-armed spiral. In theHD 34282 disk, such a one-armed spiral with a shadowed region on the outsidehas been found in scattered light. This feature roughly coincides with anazimuthal asymmetry in mm continuum emission, signifying the presence of avortex.

The Appearance of Vortices in Protoplanetary Disks in Near-Infrared Scattered Light