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Within an imaging instrument's field of view, there may be many observationaltargets of interest. Similarly, within a spectrograph's bandpass, there may bemany emission lines of interest. The brightness of these targets and lines canbe orders of magnitude different, which poses a challenge to instrument andmission design. A single exposure can saturate the bright emission and/or havea low signal to noise ratio (SNR) for faint emission. Traditional high dynamicrange (HDR) techniques solve this problem by either combining multiplesequential exposures of varied duration or splitting the light to differentsensors. These methods, however, can result in the loss of science capability,reduced observational efficiency, or increased complexity and cost. Thesimultaneous HDR method described in this paper avoids these issues byutilizing a special type of detector whose rows can be read independently todefine zones that are then composited, resulting in areas with short or longexposure measured simultaneously. We demonstrate this technique for the sun,which is bright on disk and faint off disk. We emulated these conditions in thelab to validate the method. We built an instrument simulator to demonstrate themethod for a realistic solar imager and input. We then calculated SNRs, findinga value of 45 for a faint coronal mass ejection (CME) and 200 for a bright CME,both at 3.5 $R_{\odot}$ -- meeting or far exceeding the international standardfor digital photography that defines a SNR of 10 as acceptable and 40 asexcellent. Future missions should consider this type of hardware and techniquein their trade studies for instrument design.

Simultaneous High Dynamic Range Algorithm, Testing, and Instrument Simulation