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The problem of orbit flips caused by eccentric von Zeipel-Lidov-Kozai effectsis systematically investigated by means of three approaches, includingPoincar\'e sections, dynamical system theory (periodic orbits and invariantmanifolds) and perturbation treatments. Poincar\'e sections show that orbitflips are due to the existence of islands of libration centered at inclinationof $90^{\circ}$, dynamical system theory shows that orbit flips are due to theexistence of polar periodic orbits and invariant manifolds, and perturbativetreatments indicate that orbit flips are due to the libration of a certaincritical argument. Using these approaches, the boundaries of flipping regionsin the entire parameter space are produced and they are in excellent agreementwith each other. Through analysis, the essence of flipping orbits is reached:(a) flipping orbits are a kind of quasi-periodic trajectories around polarperiodic orbits and invariant manifolds at the same level of Hamiltonianprovide boundaries of flipping regions, and (b) flipping orbits are a kind ofresonant trajectories and resonant width measures the size of flipping regions.

A systematic study about orbit flips of test particles caused by eccentric von Zeipel-Lidov-Kozai effects