Single Nucleotide Polymorphisms in the Promoter of CYP19 Gene in Cattle Bred in Iraq

The present study was undertaken to characterize the genetic diversity of the aromatase cytochrome P450 (CYP19) gene in 34 cows (15 local, 14 Holstein, and 5 Crosses) in Iraq. The objectives of the present study are to detect SNPs (mutations) in promoter p1.1 of the CYP19 gene in cattle bred in Iraq using sequencing techniques. We identified five single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNP) loci of the CYP19 gene that were detected, namely G933T, G994C, A1044G, A1062T, and C1468A. The results showed the presence of 3, 4, and 2 polymorphic sites leading to the construction of 4, 5, and 3 different haplotypes for Holstein, local, and crosses respectively. Haplotype diversity were 0.791, 0.752, and 0.700 respectively. While nucleotide diversity was 0.0017, 0.0022, and 0.0013 respectively. Besides, we carried out a phylogenetic analysis of these sequences to address the evolutionary relationship between the animal species. These fragments were assigned in the GenBank database under the accession numbers: LC490756, LC490757, LC491437, LC491438, LC491439, LC491588, and LC491589.