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To understand arbuscular mycorrhizal (AM) fungi resources and develop AM fungal species in ornamental plants with saline-alkaline tolerances,  Iris lactea , which grows in the Songnen saline-alkaline grassland with a high ornamental value, was selected as the experimental material, and the colonization characteristics of its roots and the AM fungal diversity in its rhizosphere were explored. The results of the observations and calculations of mycorrhizae from ten different samples showed that AM fungi colonized the roots of  I. lactea  and formed  Arum -type mycorrhizal structures. There was a significant correlation between soil spore density and pH value, while the colonization rate showed a fluctuating trend with increasing pH values. The observed colonization intensities were of Levels II (1%–10%) or III (11%–50%), and the vesicle abundances were of grades A 2  or A 3  among different sites. AM fungi produced a large number of mycelia and vesicles in the roots of  I. lactea  after colonization. Thirty-seven species belonging to 15 genera of AM fungi were isolated from the rhizosphere of  I. lactea  and identified by morphological identification.  Funneliformis  and  Glomus  were the dominant genera, accounting for 21.79% and 20.85% of the total number, respectively.  F .  mosseae  and  Rhizophagus intraradices  were isolated in all samples with importance values of 58.62 and 51.19, respectively. These results are expected to provide a theoretical basis for the analysis of the salt tolerance mechanism of  I. lactea  and for the discovery, exploration and further screening of AM fungal resources with salinity tolerances in saline-alkaline soils.

Colonization Characteristics and Diversity of Arbuscular Mycorrhizal Fungi in the Rhizosphere of Iris lactea in Songnen Saline-alkaline Grassland