Open AccessMalignant phyllodes tumor of the breast: a systematic review
Author(s) -
Germana Lissidini,
Antonino Mulè,
Angela Santoro,
Giovanni Papa,
Luca Nicosia,
Enrico Cassano,
Arwa Ashoor,
Paolo Veronesi,
Liron Pantanowitz,
Jason L. Hornick,
Esther Diana Rossi
Publication year - 2022
Publication title -
pathologica
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 0.243
H-Index - 18
eISSN - 1591-951X
pISSN - 0031-2983
DOI - 10.32074/1591-951x-754
Subject(s) - medicine , phyllodes tumor , pathology , differential diagnosis , breast cancer , histology , cytology , distant metastasis , radiology , metastasis , cancer
Phyllodes tumors (PT) are fibroepithelial neoplasms of the breast showing a peculiar leaf-like appearance. They account for 0.3 to 1% of all primary breast tumors and 2.5% of all fibroepithelial breast tumors. PT are classified into benign, borderline and malignant based upon their stromal morphology with a distribution of 60%, 20%, and 20%, respectively. Malignant PT of the breast constitute an uncommon challenging group of fibroepithelial neoplasms. They have a relatively high tendency to recur, although distant metastasis is uncommon, and nearly exclusive to malignant PT. Adequate surgical resection remains the standard approach to achieve maximal local control. Giant malignant PT are rare and a pose a diagnostic dilemma for pathologists, especially when comprised of sarcomatous elements. This review highlights the morphological features of PT detected in cytology and histology specimens and discusses diagnostic pitfalls and differential diagnosis.