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Platooning allows vehicles to travel with small intervehicle distance in acoordinated fashion thanks to vehicle-to-vehicle connectivity. When applied ata larger scale, platooning will create significant opportunities for energysavings due to reduced aerodynamic drag, as well as increased road capacity andcongestion reduction resulting from shorter vehicle headways. However, thesepotential savings are maximized if platooning-capable vehicles spend most oftheir travel time within platoons. Ad hoc platoon formation may not ensure ahigh rate of platoon driving. In this paper we consider the problem of centralcoordination of platooning-capable vehicles. By coordinating their routes anddeparture times, we can maximize the fuel savings afforded by platooningvehicles. The resulting problem is a combinatorial optimization problem thatconsiders the platoon coordination and vehicle routing problems simultaneously.We demonstrate our methodology by evaluating the benefits of a coordinatedsolution and comparing it with the uncoordinated case when platoons form onlyin an ad hoc manner. We compare the coordinated and uncoordinated scenarios ona grid network with different assumptions about demand and the time vehiclesare willing to wait.

Platoon formation maximization through centralized routing and departure time coordination