Estratégias discursivas na construção do espírito nacionalista: a Hungria ‘de’ Viktor Orbán

Populism, not only as an ideology but also as a political movement, has been gaining supporters and occupying a prominent position in Europe and the world. Exploring “crises (eco- nomic, social, political, religious, etc.)”, (Galito, 2017: 13), the populist movement already occupies the main political positions in many countries, where we see arise leaders like Donald Trump, Jair Bolsonaro, Boris Johnson and Viktor Orbán, to name just a few. Their rhetoric is characterized by the exploration of the Good-Evil dichotomy, in association with the opposition Self/Us-Other and by resorting to Aristotelian pathos, where argumentative discourses are guided by arguments based on the emotion they generate in You. Aiming the persuasion of the interlocutor(s), the speakers resort to certain linguistic strategies that amplify the force of their speeches. These strategies leave clear marks on the linguistic material, and we intend to address them throughout this article, through the analysis of an anti-immigration speech given in 2016 by the Hungarian Prime Minister Viktor Orbán. In this way, we will analyze the linguistic marks characteristic of the populist discourse present in the previously mentioned discourse, clarifying, at least in part, the construction of Viktor Orbán’s rhetoric.