Open Access<p>Pharmacogenetics of alcohol addiction: current perspectives</p>
Author(s) -
Михаил Сергеевич Застрожин,
Valentin Yurievich Skryabin,
S S Miroshkin,
Evgeny А. Bryun,
Д. А. Сычев
Publication year - 2019
Publication title -
application of clinical genetics
Language(s) - Uncategorized
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 0.879
H-Index - 32
ISSN - 1178-704X
DOI - 10.2147/tacg.s206745
Subject(s) - pharmacogenetics , addiction , medicine , alcohol addiction , current (fluid) , alcohol , pharmacology , psychiatry , genetics , biology , gene , genotype , engineering , biochemistry , electrical engineering
Genetics of alcohol addiction is currently a contradictive and complex field, where data in the most studies reflect methods' limitations rather than meaningful and complementary results. In our review, we focus on the genetics of alcohol addiction, leaving genetics of acute alcohol intoxication out of the scope. A review of the literature on pharmacogenetic biomarkers development for the pharmacotherapy personalization reveals that today the evidence base concerning these biomarkers is still insufficient. In particular, now the researches with the design of randomized controlled trials and meta-analysis investigating the effect of the SNPs as biomarkers on the therapy efficacy are available for naltrexone only. For other medications, there are only a few studies in small samples. It decreases the possibilities to implement the pharmacogenetic algorithms for the pharmacotherapy personalization in patients with alcohol use disorders (AUD). In view of the importance of the precision approaches development not in addiction medicine only, but in other fields of medicine also to increase the efficacy and safety of the therapy, studies on pharmacogenetic biomarkers development for the medications used in patients with AUD (eg, naltrexone, disulfiram, nalmefene, acamprosate, etc.) remain relevant to this day.