Open AccessConditioned Pain Modulation (CPM) Effects Captured in Facial Expressions
Author(s) -
Miriam Kunz,
Stefanie F Bunk,
Anna Julia Karmann,
KarlJürgen Bär,
Stefan Lautenbacher
Publication year - 2021
Publication title -
journal of pain research
Language(s) - Uncategorized
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 0.888
H-Index - 49
ISSN - 1178-7090
DOI - 10.2147/jpr.s300313
Subject(s) - facial expression , medicine , facial action coding system , audiology , cognition , physical medicine and rehabilitation , psychology , communication , psychiatry
Conditioned pain modulation (CPM) is most often assessed using self-report of pain. However, self-report of pain is not always available (eg in individuals with cognitive impairment) and is susceptible to report bias. In comparison, the facial expression of pain is more reflex-like and represents one of the most sensitive and specific non-verbal signals of pain. The aim of the present study was to investigate whether the facial expression of pain is sensitive enough to capture endogenous pain inhibition as elicited during CPM paradigms.