Open AccessClinical Impact of X-Ray Repair Cross-Complementary 1 (XRCC1) and the Immune Environment in Colorectal Adenoma–Carcinoma Pathway Progression
Author(s) -
Yu Zhang,
Xin Zhang,
Zhuoyi Jin,
Huiyan Chen,
Chenjing Zhang,
Wangyue Wang,
Jiyong Jing,
Wensheng Pan
Publication year - 2021
Publication title -
journal of inflammation research
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 1.656
H-Index - 33
ISSN - 1178-7031
DOI - 10.2147/jir.s331010
Subject(s) - cancer research , xrcc1 , biology , msh2 , dna repair , colorectal adenoma , foxp3 , carcinogenesis , immune system , colorectal cancer , dna mismatch repair , cancer , immunology , gene , genetics , genotype , single nucleotide polymorphism
Colorectal cancer (CRC) can develop via a hypermutagenic pathway characterized by frequent somatic DNA base-pair mutations. Alternatively, the immunogenicity of tumor cells themselves may influence the anticancer activity of the immune effector cells. Impaired DNA repair mechanisms drive mutagenicity, which then increase the neoantigen load and immunogenicity. However, no studies have analyzed immune checkpoint protein expression, particularly programmed death-1 (PD-1)/programmed death-ligand 1 (PD-L1), in adenoma-carcinoma progression and its relationship with the emergence of other DNA repair gene mutation.