Open Access<p>Targeting Chemokines and Chemokine Receptors in Multiple Sclerosis and Experimental Autoimmune Encephalomyelitis</p>
Author(s) -
Sarah Dhaiban,
Mena AlAni,
Noha Mousaad Elemam,
Azzam A. Maghazachi
Publication year - 2020
Publication title -
journal of inflammation research
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 1.656
H-Index - 33
ISSN - 1178-7031
DOI - 10.2147/jir.s270872
Subject(s) - ccl7 , ccl13 , experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis , ccl21 , ccl17 , cxcl10 , cxcl9 , immunology , ccl18 , ccl5 , chemokine receptor , ccr1 , ccl19 , cxcl2 , cxcl11 , chemokine , ccr10 , ccl22 , ccl3 , c c chemokine receptor type 6 , multiple sclerosis , medicine , immune system , ccl2 , il 2 receptor , t cell
Multiple sclerosis (MS) is an immune-mediated and neurodegenerative disorder that results in inflammation and demyelination of the central nervous system (CNS). MS symptoms include walking difficulties, visual weakening, as well as learning and memory impairment, thus affecting the quality of the patient's life. Chemokines and chemokine receptors are expressed on the immune cells as well as the CNS resident cells. Several sets of chemokine receptors and their ligands tend to be pathogenic players in MS, including CCL2, CCL3, CCL4, CCL5, CCL7, CCL8, CCL11, CCL17, CCL19, CCL21, CCL22, CXCL1, CXCL8, CXCL9, CXCL10, CXCL11, and CXCL16. Furthermore, current modulatory drugs that are used in the treatment of MS and its animal model, the experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis (EAE), affect the expression of several chemokine and chemokine receptors. In this review, we highlight the pathogenic roles of chemokines and their receptors as well as utilizing them as potential therapeutic targets through selective agents, such as specific antibodies and receptor blockers, or indirectly through MS or EAE immunomodulatory drugs.