Open AccessSecond-Line Treatment Options for Hepatocellular Carcinoma: Current Landscape and Future Direction
Author(s) -
Surabhi Pathak,
Mohamad Bassam Sonbol
Publication year - 2021
Publication title -
journal of hepatocellular carcinoma
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
ISSN - 2253-5969
DOI - 10.2147/jhc.s268314
Subject(s) - lenvatinib , cabozantinib , ramucirumab , regorafenib , sorafenib , hepatocellular carcinoma , medicine , bevacizumab , atezolizumab , pembrolizumab , oncology , vascular endothelial growth factor , vegf receptors , cancer , overall survival , immunotherapy , colorectal cancer , chemotherapy
Hepatocellular carcinoma is a leading cause of mortality worldwide, and its incidence is rising. The last few years have witnessed a proliferation of available systemic therapeutic options, with the approval of multiple agents, including immune checkpoint inhibitors and drugs targeting vascular endothelial growth factor, such as cabozantinib, regorafenib, and ramucirumab. Most recently, the combination of atezolizumab plus bevacizumab has resulted in the longest overall survival yet known in hepatocellular carcinoma, therefore changing the preferred first-line treatment from the previous options of sorafenib and lenvatinib. The aim of this review is to summarize the available clinical data for the current second-line systemic treatment options and the future perspectives in the treatment landscape of hepatocellular carcinoma.