Open AccessSynthesis, Characterization, Functionalization and Bio-Applications of Hydroxyapatite Nanomaterials: An Overview
Author(s) -
Muhammad Usman Munir,
Sajal Salman,
Ayehsa Ihsan,
Tilal Elsaman
Publication year - 2022
Publication title -
international journal of nanomedicine
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 1.245
H-Index - 128
eISSN - 1178-2013
pISSN - 1176-9114
DOI - 10.2147/ijn.s360670
Subject(s) - materials science , surface modification , drug delivery , nanomaterials , nanotechnology , biocompatibility , characterization (materials science) , coating , bioceramic , ceramic , biomedical engineering , chemical engineering , medicine , composite material , metallurgy , engineering
Hydroxyapatite (HA) is similar to natural bone regarding composition, and its structure favors in biomedical applications. Continuous research and progress on HA nanomaterials (HA-NMs) have explored novel fabrication approaches coupled with functionalization and characterization methods. These nanomaterials have a significant role in many biomedical areas like sustained drug and gene delivery, bio-imaging, magnetic resonance, cell separation, and hyperthermia treatment due to their promising biocompatibility. This review highlighted the HA-NMs chemical composition, recent progress in synthesis methods, characterization and surface modification methods, ion-doping, and role in biomedical applications. HA-NMs have a substantial role as drug delivery vehicles, coating material, bone implant, coating, ceramic, and composite materials. Here, we try to summarize an overview of HA-NMs with the provision of future directions.