Open Access<p>Biomedical Applications of TiO<sub>2</sub> Nanostructures: Recent Advances</p>
Author(s) -
Sevda Jafari,
Baharak Mahyad,
Hadi Hashemzadeh,
Sajjad Janfaza,
Tooba Gholikhani,
Lobat Tayebi
Publication year - 2020
Publication title -
international journal of nanomedicine
Language(s) - Uncategorized
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 1.245
H-Index - 128
eISSN - 1178-2013
pISSN - 1176-9114
DOI - 10.2147/ijn.s249441
Subject(s) - nanotechnology , nanomaterials , biocompatibility , materials science , nanostructure , nanoporous , biosensor , drug delivery , titanium dioxide , nanomedicine , titanium , nanoparticle , metallurgy
Titanium dioxide (TiO 2 ) nanostructures are one of the most plentiful compounds that have emerged in various fields of technology such as medicine, energy and biosensing. Various TiO 2 nanostructures (nanotubes [NTs] and nanowires) have been employed in photoelectrochemical (PEC) biosensing applications, greatly enhancing the detection of targets. TiO 2 nanostructures, used as reinforced material or coatings for the bare surface of titanium implants, are excellent additive materials to compensate titanium implants deficiencies-like poor surface interaction with surrounding tissues-by providing nanoporous surfaces and hierarchical structures. These nanostructures can also be loaded by diversified drugs-like osteoporosis drugs, anticancer and antibiotics-and used as local drug delivery systems. Furthermore, TiO 2 nanostructures and their derivatives are new emerging antimicrobial agents to overcome human pathogenic microorganisms. However, like all other nanomaterials, toxicity and biocompatibility of TiO 2 nanostructures must be considered. This review highlights recent advances, along with the properties and numerous applications of TiO 2 -based nanostructure compounds in nano biosensing, medical implants, drug delivery and antibacterial fields. Moreover, in the present study, some recent advances accomplished on the pharmaceutical applications of TiO 2 nanostructures, as well as its toxicity and biocompatibility, are presented.