Open Access<p>Methicillin-Resistant <em>Staphylococcus aureus</em> (MRSA): One Health Perspective Approach to the Bacterium Epidemiology, Virulence Factors, Antibiotic-Resistance, and Zoonotic Impact</p>
Author(s) -
Abdelazeem M. Algammal,
Helal F. Hetta,
Amr Elkelish,
Dalal Hussien H Alkhalifah,
Wael N. Hozzein,
Gaber ElSaber Batiha,
Nihal El Nahhas,
Mahmoud Mabrok
Publication year - 2020
Publication title -
infection and drug resistance
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 1.033
H-Index - 39
ISSN - 1178-6973
DOI - 10.2147/idr.s272733
Subject(s) - methicillin resistant staphylococcus aureus , microbiology and biotechnology , staphylococcus aureus , sccmec , medicine , antibiotic resistance , mastitis , pathogen , endocarditis , subclinical infection , pneumonia , virulence , antibiotics , biology , virology , bacteria , biochemistry , gene , genetics
Methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) is a major human pathogen and a historically emergent zoonotic pathogen with public health and veterinary importance. In humans, MRSA commonly causes severe infectious diseases, including food poisoning, pyogenic endocarditis, suppurative pneumonia, otitis media, osteomyelitis, and pyogenic infections of the skin, soft tissues. In the horse, MRSA could cause a localized purulent infection and botryomycosis; in cattle and ewe, localized pyogenic infection and severe acute mastitis with marked toxemia; in sheep, abscess disease resembles caseous lymphadenitis caused by anaerobic strains; in dogs and cats, pustular dermatitis and food poisoning; in pig, exudative epidermatitis "greasy pig disease; in birds, MRSA causes bumble-foot. The methicillin resistance could be determined by PCR-based detection of the mec A gene as well as resistance to cefoxitin. In Egypt, MRSA is one of the important occasions of subclinical and clinical bovine mastitis, and the prevalence of MRSA varies by geographical region. In this review, we are trying to illustrate variable data about the host susceptibility, diseases, epidemiology, virulence factors, antibiotic resistance, treatment, and control of MRSA infection.