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Melting relations in the MgSiO 3 -SiO 2  system have been investigated at 13.5 GPa using a Kawai-type multi-anvil apparatus. The system displays eutectic melting with the eutectic point located at SiO 2 /(SiO 2 +MgO) = 0.61 (in mol; which is denoted by  X  Si  hereafter) and at 2350 ± 50 °C. Taking into account the eutectic compositions at lower pressures reported in previous studies, i.e., 0.556 at 1 GPa ( Hudon et al. 2005 ) and 0.60 at 5 GPa ( Dalton and Presnall 1997 ), the eutectic composition is slightly enriched in SiO 2  with increasing pressure. The silica-rich eutectic composition is not consistent with the present peridotitic mantle composition ( X  Si  = 0.43). Considering Si incorporation into iron alloys in a magma ocean, however, mass-balance calculations based on an E-chondrite model demonstrate that the silicate magma ocean could have  X  Si  consistent with the present peridotitic mantle.

Melting phase equilibrium relations in the MgSiO 3 -SiO 2 system under high pressures