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During a survey in Golestan province, north Iran, two populations belonging to the family Tylenchidae were recovered in association with  Quercus  sp., and a rotten wood sample of an unidentified forest tree. The first recovered species was mainly characterized by having a disc-like differentiation in the frontal end under the light microscope (LM), proposing it as a tentative member of the genus  Discotylenchus . Detailed morphological studies using scanning electron microscope (SEM), however, did not reveal a true disc, but showing the smooth cephalic region, and a narrow annulus behind the cephalic plate. Based upon the cephalic region structure, and by lacking a true disc, the species was identified as a member of the genus  Filenchus . This population was further characterized by 555 to 618 μm long females, lateral fields with four incisures, 9 to 10 μm long stylet, spermatheca large, including spheroid sperm, post-vulval uterine sac (PUS) 8 to 12 µm long and gradually tapering to an elongate conoid tail with pointed tip. It was compared with relevant species of  Filenchus  having four incisures in the lateral fields and similar general morphology. By having a disc-like differentiation in the frontal end under the LM, it was further compared with three similar known species of  Discotylenchus . The morphological comparisons with species under two aforementioned genera showed the recovered population belongs to an unknown species, described herein as  Filenchus pseudodiscus  n. sp. The molecular phylogenetic relationships of the new species using partial small and large subunit ribosomal RNA gene (SSU and LSU D2-D3 rDNA) sequences were reconstructed and discussed.  Malenchus gilanensis , the second recovered and studied species was originally established based upon traditional criteria. An updated LSU phylogeny of the genus  Malenchus  by including  M. gilanensis  was also presented and its results were discussed.

journal of nematology

Morphological and molecular characterization of <i>Filenchus pseudodiscus</i> n. sp. from east Golestan province, north Iran; with an updated phylogeny of <i>Malenchus</i> Andrássy, 1968 (Tylenchomorpha: Tylenchidae)

Morphological and molecular characterization of Filenchus pseudodiscus n. sp. from east Golestan province, north Iran; with an updated phylogeny of Malenchus Andrássy, 1968 (Tylenchomorpha: Tylenchidae)