Comparison of the Effects of Three Extract Sorts of Soybean DETAM 1 on the Total Cholesterol Level in Balb-C Male Mice

BACKGROUND: Hypercholesterolemia is a major risk factor for coronary heart disease. Pharmacological treatment of  hypercholesterolemia are known to have side effects, hence the need for an alternative medicine, like herbal medicine, such as soybean as an example. Research objective is to compare the effects of ethanol extract, protein extract, and ethyl acetate fraction of soybean tempeh Detam-1 on the total serum cholesterol level of male mice.METHODS: This study was a laboratory experimental study with Completely Randomized Design (CRD) method. Twenty five balb-C strain male mice were allocated into five groups, namely: the negative-control (aquabidest), the positive-control (simvastatin), ethanol extract, protein extract and ethyl acetate fraction of the soybean tempeh Detam-1 and all were fed with high cholesterol containing food for 31 days. Starting on the 18th day all groups were treated for 14 days. The observed parameter was the total serum cholesterol level. The data of the study results were analyzed with ANOVA, followed by Tukey HSD test.RESULTS: There were significant differences between treatment groups and the negative-control (p=0.004). The reduction of the total cholesterol level of soy ethanol extract was 35.11±15%, the ethyl acetate fraction of soybean tempeh 26.48±17%, and soy protein extract was 15.33±33.1%, and no significant difference was noted in the positive-control group (simvastatin). CONCLUSION: The ethanol extract of soybean seed, protein extract of soybean seed, and ethyl acetate fraction of soybean tempeh Detam-1 have the same effect as do simvastin, and ethanol extract of soybean seed is the most effective substance for lowering total serum cholesterol in Balb-C male mice.KEYWORDS: hypericholesterolemia, ethanol extract, protein extract and ethyl acetate fraction, soybean Detam-1