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Social networks are usually considered as positive sources of social support,a role which has been extensively studied in the context of domestic violence.To victims of abuse, social networks often provide initial emotional andpractical help as well useful information ahead of formal institutions.Recently, however, attention has been paid to the negative responses of socialnetworks. In this article, we advance the theoretical debate on social networksas a source of social support by moving beyond the distinction between positiveand negative ties. We do so by proposing the concepts of relational ambivalenceand consistency, which describe the interactive processes by which people,intentionally or inadvertently, disregard or align with each other rolerelational expectations, therefore undermining or reinforcing individualchoices of action. We analyse the qualitative accounts of nineteen femalevictims of domestic violence in Sweden, who described the responses of theirpersonal networks during and after the abuse. We observe how the relationshipsembedded in these networks were described in ambivalent and consistent terms,and how they played a role in supporting or undermining women in reframingtheir loving relationships as abusive; in accounting or dismissing perpetratorsresponsibilities for the abuse; in relieving women from role expectations andobligations or in burdening them with further responsibilities; and insupporting or challenging their pathways out of domestic abuse. Our analysissuggests that social isolation cannot be considered a simple result of a lackof support but of the complex dynamics in which support is offered and acceptedor withdrawn and refused.

Ambivalent and Consistent Relationships: The Role of Personal Networks in Cases of Domestic Violence